About three phases of the development of the domestic explosion-proof forklift experience Discussion

Posted on May 18, 2012 by admin

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 Explosion-proof electric forklift equipment with explosion-proof performance, can be applied to the presence of flammable gas, liquid, vapor and dust, dangerous places, and is mainly applied in petroleum, chemical, textile, pharmaceutical, food, defense and industrial sectors such as the existence of explosive substances environment.
      Domestic electric explosion-proof forklift equipment development has gone through three stages, three stages of technology development by electric forklift technology development and the development of explosion-proof technology is the combination of domestic electric explosion-proof forklift basically still the second stage, the third stage of technology, electric explosion-proof forklift manufacturer, only Zhejiang Jiali Technology Co., Ltd. has recently developed a single motor explosion-proof AC electric hydraulic forklift and dual motors explosion-proof AC control system, hydraulic brake electric forklifts, has not only created a domestic electric explosion-proof forklift independent research and development road with independent intellectual property rights, and to fill the domestic non-explosion-proof AC control technology of electric forklift blank.
The first phase of the electric explosion-proof forklift truck with the technical features:
1, the system consists of three motors constitute a basic run loop, namely: walking the motor circuit to enhance the motor circuit, turning the motor circuit, its operation principle is that each back to the routing of each switch-controlled walk contact to enhance the contact device, steering contactor the motor power to the working state.
2, the whole DC system, the excitation of the motor for SACS to enhance motor and steering motor excitation mode for the compound excitation.
3, the electrical system flameproof technical processing can not swap batteries, batteries for increased safety junction box wiring fixed brake in the form of brake shoe style, the whole insulating properties by artificial maintenance treatment, no overload, current limiting protection.
The above technical characteristics lead to a complex line of electric explosion-proof forklift controllable point machine running current, temperature rise, electrical easy to damage.
The second phase of the electric explosion-proof forklift truck with the technical features:
1, the whole DC system a walk by walking controller and pump controller, control motor and a pump motor to constitute a basic run loop, intelligent and improved protection overload current limit can be set according to operating conditions set The controller program parameter controls the motor run.
, Which encourage systems with limited energy regeneration, and anti-decline in the braking function, storage time, a certain increase.
3, the whole flameproof, intrinsically safe, increased safety explosion-proof technologies constitute some explosion-proof electrical components, technology development, not only small size and easy installation, this makes the design more reasonable appearance.
The above technical features remain the system running current, temperature rise of the defect, and the use of the brake shoe brake is easy to produce sparks and temperature.
The third phase of the electric explosion-proof forklift truck with the technical features:
1, the exchange control system with low speed constant torque control and high-speed constant power control, it has a good dynamic performance, and energy recovery ramp anti downturn, the deceleration function.
2 in the structure of the AC motor does not use contacts and carbon brushes, so there is no need to clean up and replace the carbon brush has a maintenance-free, which makes explosion-proof security to improve.
3, through the control of two explosion-proof AC motor temperature sensing and control systems, explosion-proof forklift heat l and heat drop two to control the operating conditions, both to improve temperature control capability of the explosion-proof forklift trucks, but also a large extent to ensure the normal operation of the machine.
4, with hydraulic wet brake in the brake form, to avoid the generation of brake sparks and high temperature, improving the overall explosion-proof performance.
More than technical features with high transmission efficiency, current, and low temperature rise, motor maintenance-free and good braking performance, no spark, steady rise and low, to improve the overall performance, but also relative to ensure the machine in the explosion-proof environment longer period of time.

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Commercial buildings central air conditioning system equipment energy saving program

Posted on May 18, 2012 by admin

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The annual consumption of air conditioning electricity accounted for 40% of commercial buildings, so how to choose the air conditioning equipment, proper use of air-conditioning system and do maintenance work, is today an important issue of energy conservation.
An optional central air conditioning system
Please buy the host of high energy efficiency ratio EER air conditioning cold water, the EER value of the minimum standards of the Government Notice.
2 buy cold water host the higher the EER value, the chiller is more energy saving, general EER values ​​increased 0.1, you can save 4% chiller electricity. Chiller capacity per hour can be removed from the indoor heat, a frozen t is the hour moved out from the indoor heat 3,024 kcal (equivalent to 12,000 Btu), and so projections per square meter room about 0.15 refrigeration tons (equivalent to 450kcal / h), optional air conditioning host refrigeration tons capacity is too large, will make the compressor long light-load operation, or frequent start, power-hungry, and detract from the compressor life.
Note:
Chiller energy efficiency ratio (EER) kcal / hW = cooling capacity (kcal / h) divided by the specified test of the cooling consumption of electric power (W)
(2) the coefficient of performance (COP) = cooling capacity (W) / consumption of electric power (W) = 1.163EER. 1RT (refrigeration tons) = 3,024 kcal / h.
Two how to install central air conditioning system
Chillers should be placed on a concrete foundation, flat or base, the use of bolts and maintain the level of the grout fill level. Cold water on the host should be left around the proper maintenance space for the swap or clean brass and other maintenance work.
(2) the pump inlet and outlet pipeline should be retrofitted with pressure gauge, in order to understand the actual operating conditions.
3 around the cooling towers should be well ventilated, non-barrier material, so as not to affect the cooling capacity. Prevent the installation of heat, so as not to affect the cooling effect of the cooling towers.
4 small cooling fan installed, the basin of water required to maintain a certain slope to facilitate condensate discharge; air conditioning box duct on the outlet of the air flow shall adjust the allocation of appropriate in order to avoid the phenomenon of lack of air flow in a region. Outlet and return air is not too close, to avoid short-cycle impact of the effect of cold rooms.
5 pipe diameter of 65mm the following persons to use a threaded connection, 80mm more than the use of welded or flanged. Drainage pipes should be 1 cm per meter gradient. The high point of the cold water pipe or other necessary should be installed with an automatic exhaust valve; pipeline lows should be retrofitted with a release valve to the cleaning of the system.
Duct differences Department, shall be equipped with differences damper, in order to adjust and lock. The air supply pipe and return air duct should be insulation, insulation materials should be in line with national standards.
Three how to operate the central air conditioning system
To 26-28 ° C, an air-conditioner temperature setting range is appropriate, and shall be equipped with automatic temperature control equipment, in order to avoid too cold to waste energy. Often out of the room, the indoor temperature is not lower than the outdoor temperature is above 5 ℃, so as not to affect their health.
Regular daily record cold water on the host running the oil temperature, oil pressure, water temperature, water pressure, refrigerant temperature, refrigerant pressure, current and voltage in order to understand the actual situation.
Does not affect the cooling, an appropriate increase in the chilled water outlet temperature, each increase of 1 ° C cold water outlet temperature can be reduced about 2% cold water host power consumption.
Set the temperature of cooling water should be lower, decreasing by 1 ° C cooling water temperature, can save the cold water host power consumption of 2%.
Half an hour off work before cold water host, the use of cold water circulation pump continues to operate to.
6. Evening if a small number of units to work overtime should be partition only to supply overtime space air conditioning to save energy.
7 cold water system belongs to the waterway separating system, and air conditioners use a two-way valve-regulated cooling water, the regional pump control system of the inverter and the number of units can be installed to achieve the effect of energy conservation.
Underground parking exhaust to an additional controller, non-vehicular access to the peak time, set to run for about 15 minutes per hour to save energy.
The use of air conditioning during the closed doors and windows to prevent cold energy leakage or hot air infiltration, air-conditioned box back to the outlet is not the accumulation of debris, so as not to affect the effect of the return air.
Four maintenance central air conditioning system
A water-cooled condenser brass vulnerable to the impact of poor water quality, resulting in the scaling of each year must be cleaned at least once.
Frozen oil oil color black or impurities, are advised to immediately with new ones.
Three compressor motors annually subject to periodic implementation of insulation testing.
Pay attention to the refrigerant amount is normal, if there is insufficient, shall be leak and filling.
Regularly check the water pump bearing, and Tim Note lubricants, pump shaft seals if leaking phenomenon, as soon as possible repair; import and export pressure gauge is damaged, should be replaced.
Cooling towers should be cleaned once a month.
7. At any time to check the cooling towers, water level, the float switch and sprinkler heads are normal.
Cooling towers inlet protection network if shedding phenomenon, should be immediately installed, in order to avoid a large number of cooling water loss and debris fall into the impact of thermal effects.
9 too small cooling fan and air-conditioning box filter should be regular monthly cleaning, and a monthly check the drive belt tightness and control system is normal.
10 motor should be regular maintenance (lubrication oil), can reduce the friction loss of the motor.

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The key to the selection of the model of the planetary gear reducer

Posted on May 18, 2012 by admin

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   planetary gear reducer has a clear advantage relative to other reducer. General reducer selection of choice is relatively simple. Only asked the original conditions, select the type to determine the specifications and other steps. Working conditions, and the planetary gear reducer accurate reducer, to master the design of the reducer, manufacture and use of the characteristics of the key to universal reducer correct and reasonable choice of specifications. Spiral lift specifications to meet the strength, heat balance shaft parts to withstand the radial load and other conditions. Dedicated general-purpose reducer and reducer design selection method by mechanical power or torque selection specifications (strength check) the biggest difference is that the former applies to every industry, but slow down only by a specific working conditions, so user selection to be based on their requirements to consider a different correction factor, the rated power of the plant should be based on the actual selection of the motor power (not reducer) to play the nameplate; coefficient of the latter by the user\\ s specific conditions designed to consider the design general have been considered, when used as long as the use of power is less than the rated power can be equal to the reducer, the method is relatively simple. Universal reducer rated power is in general use (conditions) coefficient of the KA = 1 (motor or steam turbine prime mover, the smooth working machine load, the daily working of 3 ~ 10h, the number of starts per hour ≤ 5 times, allowing the starting torque the SH ≈ 1 to 2 times the operating torque), contact strength safety factor, one-on-gear failure probability of ≈ 1%, and other conditions calculation determined. Rated power of the selected gear should satisfy PC = P2KAKSKR ≤ PN PC computing power (KW); PN reducer rated power (KW); P2 working machine power (KW); the KA factor, consider the use of working conditions impact, start factor, consider the impact of the number of starts, the reliability coefficient to take into account the different reliability requirements.
   Users around the world there is not much difference between the use of coefficients of the reducer. Are based on the use of the occasion and performance of the reducer to the required standards. Although many samples does not reflect of KS KR two coefficients, but because of the friends (on their own working conditions require clear), know the enemy (clear) the performance characteristics of the reducer, generally left a large affluent foreign Selection The amount, which is equivalent to consider the impact of the KR KS. The use of different occasions, important level of damage to personal safety and production losses caused by different sizes, ease of maintenance, thus is not the same requirements on the reliability of the reducer. Reliability coefficient KR is actually needed on the reliability of the original design of the amendment. It is consistent with the ISO6336, GB3480 and AGMA2001-B88 (American Gear Manufacturers Association standards) the provisions of the gear strength calculation method. At present, the reliability of some domestic users of the reducer is still offered no specific amount of requirements, design requirements according to general and special reducer (SH ≥ 1.25, the failure probability ≤ 1/1000), the more important occasions to take the KR = 1.252 = 1.56 or so. The above information is provided for the planetary gear reducer Manufacturing Co., Ltd..

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Specific analysis reducer is how to assemble and disassemble

Posted on May 18, 2012 by admin

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          The planetary gear reducer assembly, the planetary gear reducer, internal to the external equipment, in order, the assembly of the sleeve and rolling bearings should be noted that direction; should be noted that Rolling reasonable disassembly by the instructor check Close the lid. assembly, the connection between the bolt in the next box should be preceded by installation of the positioning pins to buy a good reducer to the spiral lift Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Your request to you to meet!
         How to better removal of the planetary gear reducer, the first is to carefully observe the outside of the reducer various parts of the structure, from observation, consider the following issues: one, how to ensure the envelope support to have sufficient rigidity 2, bearing on both sides of the upper and lower compartments connecting bolts of how to layout 3, support the bolt boss height should be how to determine how to reduce the weight of the envelope and reduce the processing area of ​​the envelope 5, reducer attachment, such as hook, the positioning pin, Kai cap screw oil how the standard drain plug, observation holes and ventilation from what the role of its structure should be a reasonable arrangement with a wrench to remove the cover of the observation hole, consider the observation of the hole location is appropriate, the size is appropriate. how to remove the compartment cover 1 with a wrench demolition under the bearing end cap of the fastening screws .2 with a wrench or socket wrench demolition under the envelope between the connecting bolts; Remove the positioning pins, screws, bolts, washers, nuts and pins on the plastic plate to avoid losing and then twist Kai cover screws to remove the compartment cover. careful observation of the structure and location of car body parts. from observation, consider the following problem: an adjustable bearing axial clearance should be how to adjust the axis how to compensate for thermal expansion of bearing lubrication, such as box seats combined with the surface of the oil groove, the car cover should be taken to the corresponding structure can enable the car to cover the oil into the oil groove oil groove there are several processing methods processing side is not any different shape of the oil groove, to make the oil after the oil groove into the bearing, the bearing cap structure of how the design of rolling bearings in the conditions under which the inside to use slinger or seal oil ring the principle of its role, structure and installation location, measuring the experimental content of the listed size, and recorded in the table. remove the bearing caps; shaft and shaft parts together with the shaft removed from a box seat, in a reasonable order demolition of the shaft parts.

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Reducer the use of equipment and installation instructions

Posted on May 17, 2012 by admin

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helical geared motor – China Manufacturer
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     Many planetary gear reducer devices on the market. For the operator when in use, because different devices in use there will be some differences. To introduce the following instructions:
    Single-stage worm screw lift
    Reducer models from 25 to 90 high quality aluminum alloy die-casting box, thin, light, compact structure, small size, light weight, saving installation space, not easy to rust.
    Reducer Model 110 and 150 aluminum die casting of gray cast iron, the rugged beauty of shape, can be multi-faceted installation.
    Thermal performance is good, safe, reliable, and high efficiency.
    High carrying capacity, smooth transmission, small vibration and low noise.
    A variety of joint structure, with the power input and torque output to meet a variety of connection needs; box shape design and mounting holes to set the layout to adapt to a variety of installation, versatility.
    Two-stage worm gear reducer
    Made by a single-stage worm reducer combination, with all the advantages of the single-stage worm reducer, and a large transmission ratio.
    The commonly used two-stage combination of models: 25/30, 25/4O, 30/4O, 30/50, 30/63, 40/75, 40/9O, 50/110, 63/130, 63/150, the user if have special requirements, can choose according to actual needs 25,30,40,63,75,90,110,130,150 separate combination as a combination unit.
    Installation Notes
    The speed reducer shall be installed on a flat sturdy base, foot bolts must be tightened, shock.
    Prime mover – reducer – working machine connection shaft extension after installation must be accurately aligned with each other axis.
    Slow down the machine input and output shaft couplings, pulleys, sprockets and other transmission stretched diameter size tolerance h6 production in the match within the holes need to appropriate tolerances configuration to avoid the assembly tight to damage the bearings, assembly over loose affect the normal power transmission.
    Sprockets, gears and other transmission parts mounted on the shaft extension should be as close as possible to the bearings, to reduce the shaft extension bending stress.
    Reducer assembly motor worm head hole wall and the keyway at the smear of butter, avoid tight assembly, to prevent the shaft hole falling rust.
    The use of various types of motor Direct gear boxes, motor weight is too large, should be set up to support device.
    Cautions
    Before use to check the deceleration model structure, the center distance specifications, gear ratio, input shaft connection mode, the output shaft structure, the input shaft and output shaft axis point and direction of rotation meets the requirements, the Worm input speed should not exceed 1500r/min.
    The boot should be gradually applied load, not loaded with starters.
    Model 25 to 90 reducer located only filling hole, reducer has been added to the factory good ISOVG320 synthetic lubricants, the user does not need refueling machine of continuous operation after about 10,000 hours, should replace the lubricant.
    Model 110 ~ 150 Reducer has a filling hole, oil hole and oil standard has to add ISOVG460 mineral oil in the reducer, the user prior to use to pull off the rubber ring on the ventilators. Note new oil change after the first run of 500 hours, after approximately every 5000 hours oil change time.
    The reducer allows the highest oil temperature is 95 ° C, more than should be down to check.
    Reducer is placed prior to use more than 4 to 6 months, while the oil seal is not yet immersed in the lubricant is recommended to replace seals.
    If the reducer using the ambient temperature exceeds require the use of an ambient temperature of 5 ° C above or below the table, please contact the manufacturer

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Works centrifugal fan

Posted on May 17, 2012 by admin

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Earlier we introduced the working principle of centrifugal fan Let us look at the centrifugal fan.
Rather, the centrifugal fan called convergence circulation fan. Similarly, nor can on behalf of the curved flow channel due to the relative velocity.
Thus changing the pressure of the ventilator. The second and third, said static pressure increased; formulaic left of the total pressure increased. Fan impeller in front of the entrance leading device, you can use to change the guide vane angle to change the guide vane angle to change the formula formula, the impeller,ahu units there is no fluid particles to the peripheral speed in the movement, it can not be interpreted as the second static pressure generated by the centrifugal force. According to the same reason, can not use centrifugal force to explain the working principle of the centrifugal fan.

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Domestic forklift C240PKJ type diesel engine early prevention of wear and tear

Posted on May 17, 2012 by admin

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The domestic part of the forklift Japan Isuzu C240PKJ diesel engine, some users in the use of the machine running less than 1000H on early wear and tear, the reason is to use improper. Based on experience, effectively extending its life.
1, symptoms of early wear and tear caused by reason
The main symptoms of early wear and tear is: less than 1000H cylinder pressure drops; cold start problems; crankcase exhaust hole serious blowby exhaust black smoke; heavy load at work; dynamic performance degradation.
Disintegration badly worn piston rings, the first gas ring opening gap of about 2mm (using the limit of 2mm); liner steps, the only point of greatest wear gap up to 0.18-0.29mm; since the only point down to 25mm within the external discoloration, deterioration of the mechanical properties of the inner surface of the chrome layer, and traces of dry friction in the lubricant drain.
The main reason for triggering a failure, the new machine during the initial period, did not strictly enforce the run-in with the use requirements of the manufacturers prescribed; low temperature start to frequent or frequent start-up and start suddenly applied load; use and maintenance improper.
2, the preventive measures of early wear and tear
(1) shall be the technical requirements of running-
The new machines generally go through factory inspection and adjustments, so that it meets the technical requirements of the product. Installed need to be further adjustments, and the general provisions of the run-in period of 2000-3000km or 50-100h, mainly to improve the quality with the frictional surface.
Parts wear characteristic curve known parts wear out quickly in the machine run-in period, which is due to the new processing of the part surface is rough, rugged and a mating wear, flaking off the metal or oxide form severe abrasive wear . Process procedures and technical requirements of the new machine must run.
The new machine driving in accordance with technical requirements of the speed limit, load limit and change the oil, and pay attention to driving and normal oil pressure to maintain good thermal state (cooling water temperature of 80-90 ° C), prohibited the sudden boom of the throttle, this can be greatly reduced with the Vice the amount of wear of the friction surface, improve the service life of parts. Avoid and reduce early failure.
From the wear of the cylinder, piston rings and other parts, 2/3 at startup, since the launch of lubricating oil into the 2/3 of the total amount of wear of the amount of wear of the friction surface during this time.
Low-temperature operating conditions, the lubricating oil is very thick and difficult to enter the friction surface; all poor lubrication, the lubricant between the friction surface drain the formation of dry friction, wear and tear is particularly severe; fuel from high sulfur, gas anhydride more, in the case of low cooling water temperature, the cylinder wall will form acids, resulting in a strongly etching the cylinder wall; low piston temperature, not to mention the thermal expansion occurs, and the gap between the cylinder. In these circumstances, the lateral movement of the piston to increase the piston ring in the slot of a great rocky ledge. If we suddenly increase the load, will aggravate the wear of the various components.
(2) the use of machinery should be properly
Use process insist on warm starts, cold roll slowly turn the idle speed warming, low-speed start, maintaining a normal water temperature and medium-speed driving.
(3) should strengthen the maintenance of the \"filter\"
Air Filter a direct impact on the life of the engine, if the air filter, filtration efficiency is low or poor quality, soft sealing joint is lax, make all kinds of dust drain directly into the cylinder, thus exacerbating the cylinder, piston ring and other machine the wear. Practice has proved that, if you do not install the air filter and cylinder liner wear will increase by 8, the piston ring wear will be increased 10-fold, piston wear will be increased by three times. Especially most of the forklift job site, industrial dust concentration in the tens or face milligrams per cubic meter, if you do not strictly control the sources of pollution or air filter maintenance in a timely manner, as well as the use of perforation, rupture and soft seal lax filter, the consequences will be more serious.
Serious pollution of the job site, it is best to use a composite air filter is equipped with two or more series, in order to ensure the quality of filtered air.
Maintenance of the oil filter is also very important, forklift operating in harsh environments, every 2-3 months or every 150h, it is best to replace a lubricant. Replacement of oil, it is best to clean or replace the oil filter.
(4) should be the correct choice of lubricant
Should be considered in the relevant quality indicators, often in heavy-duty power under variable load, open to stop the frequent and serious pollution of the surrounding circumstances of the forklift should be used in the viscosity slightly higher or viscosity affected by temperature changes affect the smaller lubricants.
The level of diesel engine used in lubricants should be strict enforcement of the varieties specified by the manufacturer. For the same model, if the conditions of use of the lubricant requirements should also be different. Frequent cold start or frequent starts, the higher the load, the load range of closing large, the more need to use the advanced lubrication.

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Alkalinity (low hydrogen type) electrode

Posted on May 17, 2012 by admin

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Drug skin contains large amounts of alkaline slag material (marble, fluorite, etc.), and contains a certain amount of deoxidizer and alloying agent. Welding Rods electrode depends mainly on the carbonate decomposition of CO2 for shielding gas (such as CaCO3), the arc column, an atmosphere of hydrogen partial pressure lower, and calcium fluoride in fluorite at high temperatures and hydrogen combine to form hydrogen fluoride (HF), reduce the amount of hydrogen in the weld, so the alkaline electrode is also known as a low hydrogen type electrode. Measured by glycerol per 100g diffusible hydrogen content in the deposited metal, alkaline electrode 8mL, acid electrode 17 ~ 50mL. CaO in the number of basic slag, slag desulfurization capacity, and the deposited metal thermal crack ability. Moreover, the alkaline electrode due to the low content of oxygen and hydrogen in the weld metal, non-metallic inclusions less, with high ductility and impact toughness. Alkaline electrode due to the drug skin contain more fluorite, arc stability, the general use of the DCRP, only when the drug skin contains higher amounts of stable arc agent, AC and DC dual-use. Alkaline electrodes are generally used for welded structures, such as to withstand the dynamic load or rigid structure. Universal electrode

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With steel welding electrode selection of points

Posted on May 17, 2012 by admin

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The ① consider weld metal mechanical properties and chemical composition of ordinary structural steel, and usually require the strength of the weld metal and base metal, should use the deposited metal tensile strength equal to or slightly higher than the base metal electrode. Alloy structural steel, may also require the same or close to alloy composition and the base metal. In the rigidity of the welded structure, joint stress, weld cracks easily the adverse circumstances, you should consider using a low strength of the base metal electrode. When the base metal, carbon, sulfur, phosphorus and other elements of the high levels of the weld prone to cracking, should use good crack resistance of the basic low-hydrogen electrodes. (2) consider the welding component performance and working conditions of the weldment to withstand the loads and impact loads, in addition to meet the strength requirements, the principal should ensure that the weld metal has a high impact toughness and ductility, the choice of plastic, high toughness, low hydrogen electrodes. Contact with the corrosive medium, the weldment should be selected according to the nature of the medium and the corrosion characteristics of stainless steel type electrode or other corrosion-resistant electrode. At high temperature, low temperature, wear or other welding work under special conditions should be used in the corresponding heat-resistant steel, low temperature steel, surfacing, or other special purpose welding rod. (3) to consider welding the structural characteristics and loading conditions on the structure and shape of complex, rigid Heavy welding, easy to make a lot of internal stress in the welding process, weld cracks, should use good crack resistance of alkaline low hydrogen electrode. Uneven force large, welded parts are difficult to clean the weldment should be used for rust, oxide, oil is not sensitive to acid electrode. The conditions imposed can not flip the weldment should be used suitable for all position Welding Rodselectrode.

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Dissimilar steel welding electrode selection of points

Posted on May 17, 2012 by admin

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① intensity level different carbon steel + low-alloy steel (or low-alloy steel + high strength low alloy steel) generally requires the weld metal or the joint strength of not less than two minimum strength of the weld metal, the choice of electrode deposited metal strength should be able to ensure the strength of the welds and joints of not less than the intensity low voltage to the base metal strength, ductility and impact toughness of the weld metal should not be lower than the performance of higher strength plastic poor voltage parent material. Therefore, according to the intensity level of the two lower steel selection of welding rod. However, in order to prevent welding cracks, the intensity level should be higher, poor weldability of the steel to determine the welding process, including welding specification, preheat temperature and post weld heat treatment. ② low alloy steel + austenitic stainless steels in accordance with the limit values ??of chemical composition of the deposited metal selected electrode is generally used in higher levels of chromium and nickel, plastic, and good crack resistance Cr25-Ni13 austenitic steels electrode in order to avoid cracks due to brittle hardened organization. But should be poor weldability of stainless steel to determine the welding process and specification. ③ stainless clad steel plate electrode of the selection of three different performance requirements should be considered on the grassroots level, stratified transition layer welding. Welding of the primary (carbon or low alloy steel), the choice of the appropriate strength grade structural steel electrode; stratified direct contact with the corrosive medium should be used in the corresponding components of austenitic stainless steel electrode. The key is the welding of buffer layer (ie, stratified with the primary interface) must take into account the dilution effect of the substrate material should be used in chromium and nickel content is high, good ductility and crack resistance of Cr25-Ni13 austenitic steel electrode.

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